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2. ¿À´Â 10¿ù 13ÀϺÎÅÍ 1¹Ú 2ÀÏ ÀÏÁ¤À¸·Î ¡®ÀÇ»çÇ¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ °üÇÑ À¯¿£Æ¯º°º¸°í°ü¡¯(UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights to Freedom of Opinion and Expression)Mr. Frank La Rue LEWY¿Í µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÁö¿ªÀÇ ÀαÇÈ°µ¿°¡ ¹× ¾ð·ÐÀÎ µîÀÌ ±×µ¿¾È ±¹Á¦Àαǰøµ¿Ã¼¿¡¼­ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ÀαǻóȲÀ» ¾Ë·Á¿Ô´ø ±¹Á¦Àαdz×Æ®¿öÅ©¿Í ±¹Á¦ÀαǴÜü Æ÷·³¾Æ½Ã¾Æ(FORUM-ASIA) µî ±¹³»¿Ü Àαǽùλçȸ´ÜüÀÇ ÃÊûÀ¸·Î Çѱ¹À» ¹æ¹®ÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

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Action to Place the National Human Rights Commission in its place in Korea
Coalition of Human Rights NGOs in Korea

October 10, 2009


Mr. Frank La Rue
Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Palais des Nations
CH-1211 Geneva10
Switzerland


Dear Mr. Frank La Rue:

The Coalition of Human Rights NGOs sincerely welcomes to you on your upcoming visit to the Republic of Korea and hopes this event to be an opportunity to promote and protect freedom of expression in Korea. We expresses genuine concern that this freedom is being grossly undermined but the National Human Rights Commission(hereinafter: 'NHRC') is not taking appropriate measures in response to this situation. In the following we seeks to provide you within formation so that you maybe better equipped to understand the current situation in Korea.

1. In 2008, there was a series of candlelight vigils over the course of two months protesting the government¡¯s policies, including US beef imports over fears of the mad cow disease. These protests provide a window into the serious nature of police violence in Korea and thousands of citizens are being prosecuted for rightfully exercising their freedom of expression. The candlelight vigils provided an incentive for wide-spread use of excessive police force, threatening the safety of citizens practicing their right to assembly.

2. The candlelight vigils have also served to undermine the independence of the NHRC. The NHRC has the power to monitor the government for human rights violations and expressed its criticism of the use of excessive force during the policing of candlelight vigils.
However, the government explicitly stated its dissatisfaction with the opinion expressed by the NHRC and reduced its workforce by 21%. Professor Kyung-Hwan Ahn, former chairperson of the NHRC and vice-chairperson of the ICC, protested this measure and has since resigned. The current chairperson Byung-Chul Hyun was appointed by the president and took office amidst wide-spread disapproval of his lack of professional knowledge and experience in human rights.
The chairperson has since expressed opposition to abolition of the National Security Law in an interview with an influential Korean newspaper. As you may be aware, the international human rights society, including the UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of expression, condemns the National Security Law and issued numerous recommendations for its abolition. The NHRC recommended its abolition in 2004. Needless to say, his statement is in direct contradiction to these recommendations. Furthermore, the secretary-general of NHRC, who was appointed by the chairperson, has in the past convicted seven members of a youth group for violations of the National Security Law while he was a judge.
The NHRC was established in 2001 and has since endeavored to promote and protect human rights in Korea. However, since the Lee Myung-bak administration took office in 2008, the integrity of NHRC has been undermined and the commission is failing its role as a human rights advocate.

3. Unfortunately, the instances of prosecutions under the National Security Law have been increasing. Although the former Roh Moo-hyun administration failed to abolish this act, act itself was almost never executed under the former administration. In stark contrast, the current number of prosecutions for violations of this act has almost doubled in a comparable period to last year, resulting in some thirty cases. Many cases involve charges brought against writings posted online for expressing praise or incitement contrary to interests of the state. It can only be described as ironic that the chairperson of the NHRC is an advocate of this act.

4. Cases of censorship and prohibition of online writings, of bloggers in particular, have been increasing. A well-known online writer under the pseudonym "Minerva" was arrested for expressing disapproval of the government's economic policies and was released. Online writers have since moved their operations to overseas websites or have otherwise ceased writing altogether. This trend is expected get worse as the national government intends to propose a bill that punishes cyber defamation.

5. Intelligence agencies have been conducting investigations on private citizens. The recent uncovering of investigations conducted by the military intelligence agency on private citizens brews much controversy; the National Intelligence Service is also suspected of conducting illegal investigations. Unfortunately, a influential activist who brought these allegations against the National Intelligence Service is being prosecuted on charges of state defamation.

6. Thus continues the retaliatory measures of the government against freedom of expression. In 2009, a series of public proclamations expressed deep concern for the autocratic governance shown by the administration and its weakening effect on Korean democracy. In one particular case, the Korean Teachers and Educational Worker's Union issued a public statement on June 18, 2009. Of the 16,000 teachers that participated in the event, the Ministry of Education issued severe disciplinary measures, including removal from office, against 88 teachers, and brought criminal charges against 96 teachers.

7. Members of the media are currently in danger of removal and detention.  Producers of current events programmes that criticized government policies have been removed, reprimanded or are being investigated by the public prosecutor.  A television programme "Producer's Notebook" on channel MBC reported on the dangers of mad cow disease in relation to US beef and the producer of this programme was subsequently investigated by the public prosecutor, whereby the producer's e-mails were released for public viewing. The government is putting pressure to merge and abolish these current events programmes while amending media laws to allow press tycoons to expand their reach into broadcasting. The governmental actions against the members of the media have largely been an effort to counter their resistance.

8. The regress of freedom of expression is also apparent in the prohibition of protest assemblies. According to National Policy Agency statistics in 2008, there were 149 cases of assembly prohibition notice issuances in one year. 164 such cases have been reported until April of this year, in just four months, a number higher than total of last year. Use of excessive police force against citizens in an assembly has also been an important issue. Several civic organizations have been denied funding granted to non-profit, non-governmental, public interest organizations for having participated in the assemblies. Approximately 1800 civic organizations that belong to the strategic committee on beef infected with mad cow disease have been excluded from funding this year after being fingered as 'organizations employing illegal use of force in assemblies'.

9. In spite of this state of affairs, the government has been progressively ignoring the recommendations issued by the NHRC. Not only has the NHRC shown passive attitudes towards aforementioned violations of freedom of expression, but also the recommendations of the NHRC are more frequently ignored by the government. For your information, since NHRC¡¯s establishment, 80 per cent of petition cases were human rights violations by the government. The Coalition has serious concern that the NHRCs are unresponsive to the increasing number of these cases.
Only a few cases have been so far enlisted; these cases are representative of the full spectrum of Coalition's concerns for freedom of expression. It is self-evident that freedom of expression is a fundamental human right. The Coalition welcomes this opportunity for you not only to participate in the discussions on the value and importance of freedom of expression but also to condemn the suppressive measures undertaken by the Korean government. We deeply appreciate your interest in this matter.

Yours sincerely,
Action to Place the National Human Rights Commission in its place in Korea
Coalition of Human Rights NGOs in Korea


* The following are the members of ¡°the Action to Place the National Human Rights Commission in its place in Korea¡±(the Coalition of 86 Human Rights NGOs in Korea)
Catholic Human Rights Committee, Daegu Citizen Forumb for Halmuni, Daegu Citizens Coalition for Economic Justice, Daegu Women's Hotline, Daegu Womens Association, Dasan Human Rights Center, Democratic Legal Studies Association, Democratic workers Solidarity, Disabled Peoples' International in Daegu, Gwangju Citizens Coalition for Economic Justice, Gwangju Differently Abled Women Solidarity, Gwang-ju Federation of Organizations for Differently Abled, Gwangju Womenlink, Gwangjub Center for Independent Living, Hanmaum Center for Indepedent Living or Persosns with Disablites, Human Rights Education Center, 'DEUL', Human Rights Korea, Korea Human Rights Research institute 'Chang', Korea Sexual Violence Relief Center, Korea Women's Hotline in Gwangju, Korea Womenlink, Korea Youth Corps in Daegu, Korean Council for Democratic Martyre in Daegu, Korean Federation for Environmental Movement in Daegu, Korean Gay Men¡¯s Human Rights Group Chingusai, Korean Progressive Network 'JINBONET', Korean Transgender Activist Group, Korean Womens Association United, KwangJu Human Rights Activities Center, Migrant Labor Center in Gyeongsan, MINBYUN-Lawyers for a Democratic Society in Daegu, MINBYUN-Lawyers for a Democratic Society in Gwangju, Obang Center for Independent Living, Open Care Center for Independent Living, SARANGBANG Group for Human Rights , Solidarity Against Disability Discrimination, Solidarity Against Disability Discrimination in Gwangju, Taegu People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy, The National Council of Churches in Korea Daegu Humanrights Committee, The Research Institute for the Differently Abled People Rights in Gwangju, Ulsan Solidarity For Human Rights, Youth Human Rights Action ASUNARO

* The following are the members of ¡°The Coalition of Human Rights NGOs in Korea¡±
Ansan Migrant Center, Catholic Human Rights Committee, Counter Globalization Action, Culture Action, Dasan Human Rights Center, Democratic Legal Studies Association, Democratic Workers' Solidarity, Disability and Human Rights In Action, Disabled Peoples' International Korea , Human Rights Education Center, 'DEUL', Joint Committee for Migrant Workers in Korea, KANOS Korea HIV/AIDS Network of Solidarity, Korean Council for Democratic Martyre, Korean Gay Men¡¯s Human Rights Group Chingusai, Korean House for International Solidarity, Korean Progressive Network 'JINBONET', Korean Sexual-Minority Culture and Rights Center , KwangJu Human Rights Activities Center, MINBYUN-Lawyers for a Democratic Society, MINKAHYUP Human Rights Group, National Council of Churches in Korea Human Rights Center, People's Solidarity for Social Progress, Pusan Human Rights Center, Research Institute of the Differently Abled Person¡¯s Right in Korea , SARANGBANG Group for Human Rights , Solidarity Against Disability Discrimination, Solidarity for HIV/AIDS Human Rights_Nanuri£«, Solidarity for LGBT Human Rights Korea, Solidarity for New Society, Solidarity for Peace & Human Rights, Solidarity for Peace & Humanright, Ulsan Solidarity For Human Rights, Working Voice, World Without War
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